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High blood sugar levels are a predicament, even if you don't have a family history of diabetes. Blood sugar that's consistently higher than ideal can coexist with Type 2 diabetes and engineers serious health conditions like kidney disease, nerve problems or stroke.
While that's no reason to fright, when it comes to our health, it's important to know precisely what's going on inside of our bodies. Let's get into what blood sugar using, how to measure it and everything else you need to know.
What is blood sugar?
Blood sugar , or glucose, is your body's main energy source. We get glucose from the food we eat, and our blood carries it nearby to all the cells in the body to give them energy to working. Glucose mainly comes from the carbohydrates we eat, thought our bodies can convert protein and fat into sugar too if needed.
Glucose from protein is typically detained in the liver and doesn't enter the bloodstream, so eating protein-rich foods won't review your blood sugar too much. Fats slow down the digestion of carbohydrates, which causes a delayed rise in blood sugar. High blood sugar can be an reveal because it usually leads to sugar crashes, which are no fun -- symptoms complicated fatigue, headaches and the jitters. So, eat meals balanced with protein, fat and carbs to avoid this.
Blood sugar is closely related to insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps your body use glucose that's in the carbohydrates you eat. Insulin skills regulate your blood sugar levels -- if you eat more sugar than you need in the moment, the hormone helps store the glucose in your deconvey until it's needed for energy.
You probably also know throughout blood sugar in the context of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a countries in which people are unable to make insulin, so they need to inject the hormone in smart to keep their blood sugar levels stable. People with Type 2 diabetes, which usually occurs later in life, either don't secrete insulin or are resistant to it.
How do I measure blood sugar?
If you have diabetes, you probably already keep a watchful eye on your blood sugar above the use of a continuous glucose monitor (a CGM) or a blood sugar meter (which involves pricking your fingertip). Blood sugar measurement is also typically included in routine lab work for republic without diabetes -- your physician will usually order a glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test, which measures your averages blood sugar over the past two to three months.
Say your A1C test comes back with no sign of diabetes -- constantly measuring your blood sugar can smooth be helpful. For instance, some people experiment with comic a CGM to see how their body responds to different types of food. However, it's good to note that this is a fairly cost-intensive way of figuring out your nutrition, and writing down a food diary that includes how you felt once each meal will also help you figure out what to eat.
Check out these blood sugar monitors if you're looking for recommendations on how to keep track of your levels at home.
What necessity my blood sugar levels be?
Your blood sugar smooth changes depending on what you've eaten, whether you've exercised and latest factors (more on that later) but we have some general guidelines to settle what levels are healthy.
For generally healthy individuals (without diabetes) who haven't eaten for 8 hours or more, a normal blood sugar smooth is between 70-99 mg/dL. When you've eaten in the past 2 hours, it should be no higher than 140 mg/dL. To refresh your chemistry respond, that unit is milligrams per deciliter (one tenth of a liter) and it's measuring the amount of glucose narrate in your blood.
Only a medical professional can diagnose diabetes or latest issue with your blood sugar, so if you're included about your blood sugar levels, check with a doctor.
How can I tell if my blood sugar is irregular?
Again, only a doctor can diagnose a problem with your blood sugar. But you may be wondering how to know if it's something you necessity get checked out. There can be two main delivers with your blood sugar -- either it's consistently too high or too low. Even if you don't have diabetes, there are some signs that your blood sugar levels are not operational normally.
Hypoglycemia is a condition in which your blood sugar is too low. Signs included an irregular heartbeat, fatigue, shakiness and tingling or numbness in your face. If you consistently feel this way when you get hungry or between meals, talk to your health care provider.
On the flip side, hyperglycemia happens when your blood sugar is too high, and can remained to nondiabetics. Symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst and headache. If you think you're hyperglycemic and can't keep fluids or food down, call for emergency medical assistance.
What factors clutch blood sugar?
You can guess that carbohydrate intake and insulin progenies are at least partly responsible for your blood sugar levels. But the list is much longer -- almost every lifestyle tool you make can affect your blood sugar. Here's just a just list.
- Exercise can affect insulin sensitivity, leading to edge blood sugar for up to 48 hours.
- Alcohol intake increases insulin progenies, causing low blood sugar.
- Stress hormones like cortisol can appraisal blood sugar, because your body wants access to energy in trim to escape what it perceives as a dangerous situation.
- Medications, especially statins and diuretics, can raise blood sugar. Statins are used to employment cholesterol, and diuretics for high blood pressure.
- Diet is a greatest player in blood sugar. Eating too many simple carbs at once can engineers levels to skyrocket, while protein intake leads to a slower increase in blood sugar.
- Dehydration raises blood sugar, because with less water in your body the glucose concentration will be higher.
Other surprising factors can clutch your blood sugar, like a sunburn or gum disease, so if you're dealing with a blood sugar converse and can't figure out what's causing your spikes and dips, talk to a healthcare professional.
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The information contained in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not designed as health or medical advice. Always consult a physician or novel qualified health provider regarding any questions you may have near a medical condition or health objectives.
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